Bruce Alan Sullenger

Bio

The main focus of my translational research laboratory is to develop RNA based therapeutic agents for the potential treatment of a range of diseases. To this end, we have and will continue to take advantage of the fact that RNA is not just a passive carrier of genetic instructions inside of cells during the conversion of information from DNA to RNA to protein. Rather, RNA is an extremely versatile biological macromolecule. Certian RNAs can bind to specific protiens with high affinities, while others can for catalytic centers and perform enzymatic reactions. These facets of RNA coupled with the ease with which RNA can be manipulated in vitro make it a very powerful and unique therapeutic agent whose potential is largely untapped. Durring our endeavors, we plan to work closely with the members of the Molecular Therapeutics program as well as other faculty at the Duke University Medical Center to expedite the development and testing of these therapeutics.

The specific aims of my laboratory are:

1. To isolate and characterize RNA and DNA aptamers which block therapeutically relavent proteins such as those involved in cardiovascular diseases and immune modulation.

2. To develop RNA-based tumor targeting strategies for delivering siRNAs and miRNAs to tumor cells.

3. To reprogram cells using mRNA delivery.

4. To explore novel methods to control inflammation.

Education

• Ph.D. Cornell University, 1990

Positions

• Joseph W. and Dorothy W. Beard Distinguished Professor of Experimental Surgery
• Professor in Surgery
• Director of the Duke Center for Translational Research
• Professor of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology
• Professor of Neurosurgery
• Professor of Cell Biology
• Professor of Biomedical Engineering
• Professor in Integrative Immunobiology
• Member of the Duke Cancer Institute

Awards, Honors, and Distinctions

• Fellow (NAI). National Academy of Inventors. 2018
• AAAS Fellow. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 2014

Courses Taught

• PHARM 494: Research Independent Study
• NEUROSCI 494: Research Independent Study 2
• NEUROSCI 493: Research Independent Study 1

Publications

• Yu H, Pitoc G, Zhang M, Clancy J, Frederiksen J, Yan A, et al. An Aptamer-Based EXACT Anticoagulant as a Sustainable, Animal-Free Alternative to Unfractionated Heparin. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2026 Jan;13(4):e09867.
• Zhang Y, Huang H, Lee J, Hong J-Y, Kim J-W, Chan HF, et al. Cationic microparticles inhibit local sterile inflammation in tissue injuries. Regen Biomater. 2026;13:rbaf135.
• Llanga T, Bush K, Sun Y, Yan A, Zhou J, Gorodkin J, et al. Binding and Ligand Activation Driven Enrichment-Directed Evolution of SaCas9 gRNAs Improves Gene Editing Efficiency. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2025 Oct;35(5):209u201319.
• Levy JH, Alexander PMA, Wolberg AS, McCarty OJT, Pusateri AE, Bartz RR, et al. ECMO-induced coagulopathy: strategic initiatives for research and clinical practice (a workshop report of the NHLBI). Blood Vessel Thromb Hemost. 2025 May;2(2):100064.
• Yu H, Canoura J, Byrd C, Alkhamis O, Bacon A, Yan A, et al. Improving Aptamer Affinity and Determining Sequence-Activity Relationships via Motif-SELEX. J Am Chem Soc. 2025 Mar 19;147(11):9472u201386.
• Chabata CV, Yu H, Ke L, Frederiksen JW, Patel PA, Sullenger BA, et al. Andexanet Alfa-Associated Heparin Resistance in Cardiac Surgery: Mechanism and In Vitro Perspectives. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2025 Jan;45(1):144u201356.
• Nimjee SM, de Lange F, Pitoc GA, Sullenger BA. Rats subject to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation have improved cardiac function following anticoagulation and reversal with factor IXa aptamer-antidote oligonucleotide pair. Cardiol Plus. 2025;10(2):87u201398.
• Chabata CV, Yu H, Ke L, Frederiksen JW, Patel PA, Sullenger BA, et al. Andexanet alfa-associated heparin resistance in cardiac surgery: mechanism and in vitro perspectives. bioRxiv. 2024 Sep 10;
• Frere C, Mazzeffi M, Maier CL, Helms J, Steiner ME, Sullenger BA, et al. Acquired von Willebrand syndrome during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support: a comprehensive review of current evidence: communication from the ISTH SSC on perioperative and critical care thrombosis and hemostasis. J Thromb Haemost. 2024 Sep;22(9):2608u201328.
• Chen O, Jiang C, Berta T, Powell Gray B, Furutani K, Sullenger BA, et al. MicroRNA let-7b enhances spinal cord nociceptive synaptic transmission and induces acute and persistent pain through neuronal and microglial signaling. Pain. 2024 Aug 1;165(8):1824u201339.
• Chen L, Olson LB, Naqvi IA, Sullenger BA, Que LG, Denny TN, et al. SARS-CoV-2 viremia but not respiratory viral load is associated with respiratory complications in patients with severe COVID-19. BMC Pulm Med. 2024 Jul 29;24(1):366.
• Kolyadko VN, Layzer JM, Perry K, Sullenger BA, Krishnaswamy S. An RNA aptamer exploits exosite-dependent allostery to achieve specific inhibition of coagulation factor IXa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Jul 16;121(29):e2401136121.
• Yu H, Kumar S, Frederiksen JW, Kolyadko VN, Pitoc G, Layzer J, et al. Aptameric hirudins as selective and reversible EXosite-ACTive site (EXACT) inhibitors. Nat Commun. 2024 May 10;15(1):3977.
• Requena MD, Yan A, Llanga T, Sullenger BA. Reversible Aptamer Staining, Sorting, and Cleaning of Cells (Clean FACS) with Antidote Oligonucleotide or Nuclease Yields Fully Responsive Cells. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2024 Feb;34(1):12u20137.
• Kraft BD, Verhulst S, Lai T-P, Sullenger BA, Wang Y, Rountree W, et al. T-cell count and T-cell telomere length in patients with severe COVID-19. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1356638.
• Carfora A, Holthaus B, Yacoub S, Franceschelli D, Joseph M, Milks MW, et al. Von Willebrand factor targeted thrombolysis in canine basilar artery occlusion. Front Neurol. 2024;15:1436291.
• Requena MD, Gray BP, Sullenger BA. Protocol for purification of cells in their native state using reversible aptamer-antidote pairs. STAR Protoc. 2023 Sep 15;4(3):102348.
• Bush K, Corsi GI, Yan AC, Haynes K, Layzer JM, Zhou JH, et al. Utilizing directed evolution to interrogate and optimize CRISPR/Cas guide RNA scaffolds. Cell Chem Biol. 2023 Aug 17;30(8):879-892.e5.
• Yu H, Frederiksen J, Sullenger BA. Applications and future of aptamers that achieve rapid-onset anticoagulation. RNA. 2023 Apr;29(4):455u201362.
• Song X, Yu H, Sullenger C, Gray BP, Yan A, Kelly L, et al. An Aptamer That Rapidly Internalizes into Cancer Cells Utilizes the Transferrin Receptor Pathway. Cancers. 2023 Apr 1;15(8).
• Puzzo F, Zhang C, Powell Gray B, Zhang F, Sullenger BA, Kay MA. Aptamer-programmable adeno-associated viral vectors as a novel platform for cell-specific gene transfer. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2023 Mar 14;31:383u201397.
• Gray BP, Kelly L, Steen-Burrell K-A, Layzer JM, Rempel RE, Nimjee SM, et al. Rapid molecular imaging of active thrombi inu00a0vivo using aptamer-antidote probes. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2023 Mar 14;31:440u201351.
• Eckhoff AM, Brown MC, Landa K, Naqvi I, Holl EK, Boczkowski D, et al. Functional reprogramming of peripheral blood monocytes by soluble mediators in patients with pancreatic cancer and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1116034.
• Olson LB, Hunter NI, Rempel RE, Yu H, Spencer DM, Sullenger CZ, et al. Mixed-surface polyamidoamine polymer variants retain nucleic acid-scavenger ability with reduced toxicity. iScience. 2022 Dec 22;25(12):105542.
• Mohan AA, Olson LB, Naqvi IA, Morrison SA, Kraft BD, Chen L, et al. Age and Comorbidities Predict COVID-19 Outcome, Regardless of Innate Immune Response Severity: A Single Institutional Cohort Study. Crit Care Explor. 2022 Dec;4(12):e0799.
• Shea SM, Thomas KA, Rassam RMG, Mihalko EP, Daniel C, Sullenger BA, et al. Dose-Dependent Von Willebrand Factor Inhibition by Aptamer BB-031 Correlates with Thrombolysis in a Microfluidic Model of Arterial Occlusion. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 Nov 22;15(12).
• Kumar S, Yu H, Sullenger BA, Krishnaswamy S. X-Ray Structure of Thrombin Bound to a Heterobifunctional Aptamer-Drug Conjugate Reveals the Mechanistic Basis for a Novel Tethered Inhibition Strategy. In: Blood. American Society of Hematology; 2022. p. 1668u20139.
• Yu H, Layzer J, Krishnaswamy S, Sullenger BA. Aptamer-Small Molecule Conjugates As Potent and Reversible Surgical Anticoagulants Targeting Thrombin. In: Blood. American Society of Hematology; 2022. p. 4953u20134.
• Olson LB, Hunter NI, Rempel RE, Sullenger BA. Targeting DAMPs with nucleic acid scavengers to treat lupus. Transl Res. 2022 Jul;245:30u201340.
• Corey KM, Olson LB, Naqvi IA, Morrison SA, Davis C, Nimjee SM, et al. Suppression of Fibrinolysis and Hypercoagulability, Severity of Hypoxemia, and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Anesthesiology. 2022 Jul 1;137(1):67u201378.
• Chabata CV, Frederiksen JW, Olson LB, Naqvi IA, Hall SE, Gunaratne R, et al. Combining Heparin and a FX/Xa Aptamer to Reduce Thrombin Generation in Cardiopulmonary Bypass and COVID-19. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2022 Jun;32(3):139u201350.
• Naqvi I, Giroux N, Olson L, Morrison SA, Llanga T, Akinade TO, et al. DAMPs/PAMPs induce monocytic TLR activation and tolerance in COVID-19 patients; nucleic acid binding scavengers can counteract such TLR agonists. Biomaterials. 2022 Apr;283:121393.
• Reed CR, Bonadonna D, Otto JC, McDaniel CG, Chabata CV, Kuchibhatla M, et al. Aptamer-based factor IXa inhibition preserves hemostasis and prevents thrombosis in a piglet model of ECMO. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2022 Mar 8;27:524u201334.
• Ozer I, Pitoc GA, Layzer JM, Moreno A, Olson LB, Layzer KD, et al. PEG-Like Brush Polymer Conjugate of RNA Aptamer That Shows Reversible Anticoagulant Activity and Minimal Immune Response. Adv Mater. 2022 Mar;34(10):e2107852.
• Soule EE, Yu H, Olson L, Naqvi I, Kumar S, Krishnaswamy S, et al. Generation of an anticoagulant aptamer that targets factor V/Va and disrupts the FVa-membrane interaction in normal and COVID-19 patient samples. Cell Chem Biol. 2022 Feb 17;29(2):215-225.e5.
• Kelly L, Olson LB, Rempel RE, Everitt JI, Levine D, Nair SK, et al. u03b2-Cyclodextrin-containing polymer treatment of cutaneous lupus and influenza improves outcomes. Mol Ther. 2022 Feb 2;30(2):845u201354.
• Tu Z, Zhong Y, Hu H, Shao D, Haag R, Schirner M, et al. Design of therapeutic biomaterials to control inflammation. Nat Rev Mater. 2022;7(7):557u201374.
• Yu H, Frederiksen J, Sullenger BA. Aptamer-based protein inhibitors. In: RNA Therapeutics the Evolving Landscape of RNA Therapeutics. 2022. p. 89u2013120.
• Eteshola EOU, Landa K, Rempel RE, Naqvi IA, Hwang ES, Nair SK, et al. Breast cancer-derived DAMPs enhance cell invasion and metastasis, while nucleic acid scavengers mitigate these effects. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2021 Dec 3;26:1u201310.
• Heggestad JT, Britton RJ, Kinnamon DS, Wall SA, Joh DY, Hucknall AM, et al. Rapid test to assess the escape of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Sci Adv. 2021 Dec 3;7(49):eabl7682.
• Heggestad JT, Kinnamon DS, Olson LB, Liu J, Kelly G, Wall SA, et al. Multiplexed, quantitative serological profiling of COVID-19 from blood by a point-of-care test. Sci Adv. 2021 Jun;7(26).
• Holl EK, Frazier V, Landa K, Boczkowski D, Sullenger B, Nair SK. Controlling cancer-induced inflammation with a nucleic acid scavenger prevents lung metastasis in murine models of breast cancer. Mol Ther. 2021 May 5;29(5):1772u201381.
• Olson LB, Naqvi IA, Turner DJ, Morrison SA, Kraft BD, Chen L, et al. Key Pathogenic Factors in Coronavirus Disease 2019-Associated Coagulopathy and Acute Lung Injury Highlighted in a Patient With Copresentation of Acute Myelocytic Leukemia: A Case Report. A A Pract. 2021 Mar 30;15(4):e01432.
• Hu J, Hodgkinson CP, Pratt RE, Lee J, Sullenger BA, Dzau VJ. Enhancing cardiac reprogramming via synthetic RNA oligonucleotides. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2021 Mar 5;23:55u201362.
• Zakeri A, Jadhav AP, Sullenger BA, Nimjee SM. Ischemic stroke in COVID-19-positive patients: an overview of SARS-CoV-2 and thrombotic mechanisms for the neurointerventionalist. J Neurointerv Surg. 2021 Mar;13(3):202u20136.
• Olson LB, Naqvi IA, CHEN L, Que LG, KRAFT BD, Nair SK, et al. Abstract P102: Elevated Von Willebrand Factor in Patients Presenting With Large-Vessel Occlusion Stroke as First Symptom of COVID-19 Mirrors Levels in Patients With COVID-19 Requiring ICU-Level Care. In: Stroke. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health); 2021.
• Stanfield BA, Purves T, Palmer S, Sullenger B, Welty-Wolf K, Haines K, et al. IL-10 and class 1 histone deacetylases act synergistically and independently on the secretion of proinflammatory mediators in alveolar macrophages. PLoS One. 2021;16(1):e0245169.
• Heggestad JT, Kinnamon DS, Olson LB, Liu J, Kelly G, Wall SA, et al. Multiplexed, quantitative serological profiling of COVID-19 from a drop of blood by a point-of-care test. medRxiv. 2020 Nov 7;
• Powell Gray B, Song X, Hsu DS, Kratschmer C, Levy M, Barry AP, et al. An Aptamer for Broad Cancer Targeting and Therapy. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Oct 31;12(11).
• LaCroix BL, Patierno BM, Sullenger BA, George DJ, Patierno SR, Freedman JA. Abstract B006: Development of a novel therapeutic splice-switching oligonucleotide targeting race-related androgen receptor signaling and aggressive prostate cancer. In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. American Association for Cancer Research (AACR); 2020. p. B006u2013B006.
• LaCroix BL, Patierno BM, Sullenger BA, George DJ, Patierno SR, Freedman JA. Development of a novel therapeutic splice-switching oligonucleotide targeting race-related androgen receptor signaling and aggressive prostate cancer. In: CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION. 2020.
• Sullenger BA. RGEN Editing of RNA and DNA: The Long and Winding Road from Catalytic RNAs to CRISPR to the Clinic. Cell. 2020 May 28;181(5):955u201360.
• Kasotakis G, Kintsurashvili E, Galvan MD, Graham C, Purves JT, Agarwal S, et al. Histone Deacetylase 7 Inhibition in a Murine Model of Gram-Negative Pneumonia-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Shock. 2020 Mar;53(3):344u201351.
• Kasotakis G, Purves JT, Agarwal S, Sullenger BA, Kintsurashvili E, Galvan MD, et al. Histone Deacetylase 7 in Murine Gram-Negative Acute Lung Injury. Shock. 2020 Mar;53(3):375u20137.
• Eteshola EOU, Landa K, Hwang ES, Moreno A, Nair SK, Sullenger BA. Abstract A90: Blocking proinvasive signaling and inflammatory activation in triple-negative breast cancer with nucleic-acid scavengers (NAS). In: Cancer Immunology Research. American Association for Cancer Research (AACR); 2020. p. A90u2013A90.
• Gray BP, Requena MD, Nichols MD, Sullenger BA. Aptamers as Reversible Sorting Ligands for Preparation of Cells in Their Native State. Cell Chem Biol. 2020 Feb 20;27(2):232-244.e7.
• Nimjee SM, Sullenger BA. Therapeutic Aptamers: Evolving to Find their Clinical Niche. Curr Med Chem. 2020;27(25):4181u201393.
• Milich L, Sullenger BA. Ribozymes as Tools for the Gene Therapist. In: Concepts in Gene Therapy. 2020. p. 197u2013229.
• Sullenger BA. Aptamers as Rapid Onset and Rapidly Reversible Antithrombotic Agents. In: Blood. American Society of Hematology; 2019.
• Nimjee SM, Dornbos D, Pitoc GA, Wheeler DG, Layzer JM, Venetos N, et al. Preclinical Development of a vWF Aptamer to Limit Thrombosis and Engender Arterial Recanalization of Occluded Vessels. Mol Ther. 2019 Jul 3;27(7):1228u201341.
• Eteshola EO, Naqvi IA, Gunaratne R, Moreno A, Nair SK, Sullenger BA. Abstract 4515: Utilizing nucleic-acid scavengers (NASs) to inhibit proinflammatory and proinvasive signaling in triple-negative breast cancer. In: Cancer Research. American Association for Cancer Research (AACR); 2019. p. 4515u20134515.
• Moreno A, Pitoc GA, Ganson NJ, Layzer JM, Hershfield MS, Tarantal AF, et al. Anti-PEG Antibodies Inhibit the Anticoagulant Activity of PEGylated Aptamers. Cell Chem Biol. 2019 May 16;26(5):634-644.e3.
• Chabata CV, Gunaratne R, Frederiksen JW, Sullenger BA. Exploring Novel Aptamer-Heparin Combinations to Improve Anticoagulation Therapy in Cardiopulmonary Bypass. In: MOLECULAR THERAPY. CELL PRESS; 2019. p. 364u20135.
• Landa K, Holl E, Frazier VN, Sullenger BA, Hwang E, Nair S. Targeting DAMPs-Induced Inflammation in Breast Cancer. In: ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY. SPRINGER; 2019. p. S71u2013S71.
• Darrabie MD, Cheeseman J, Limkakeng AT, Borawski J, Sullenger BA, Elster EA, et al. Toll-like receptor activation as a biomarker in traumatically injured patients. J Surg Res. 2018 Nov;231:270u20137.
• Huttinger AL, Wheeler DG, Gnyawali S, Dornbos D, Layzer JM, Venetos N, et al. Ferric Chloride-induced Canine Carotid Artery Thrombosis: A Large Animal Model of Vascular Injury. J Vis Exp. 2018 Sep 7;(139).
• Chabata CV, Frederiksen JW, Sullenger BA, Gunaratne R. Emerging applications of aptamers for anticoagulation and hemostasis. Curr Opin Hematol. 2018 Sep;25(5):382u20138.
• Gunaratne R, Kumar S, Frederiksen JW, Stayrook S, Lohrmann JL, Perry K, et al. Combination of aptamer and drug for reversible anticoagulation in cardiopulmonary bypass. Nat Biotechnol. 2018 Aug;36(7):606u201313.
• LaCroix BL, Patierno BM, Sullenger BA, George DJ, Patierno SR, Freedman JA. Development of a novel therapeutic splice-switching oligonucleotide targeting race-related androgen receptor signaling and aggressive prostate cancer. In: CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION. AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH; 2018. p. 46u201346.
• LaCroix BL, Patierno BM, Sullenger BA, George DJ, Patierno SR, Freedman JA. Nutritional profiling reveals glutamine-utilizing transaminases as a metabolic vulnerability of TAZ/YAP-driven breast cancer cells. In: CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION. AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH; 2018. p. 148u2013148.
• Powell Gray B, Kelly L, Ahrens DP, Barry AP, Kratschmer C, Levy M, et al. Tunable cytotoxic aptamer-drug conjugates for the treatment of prostate cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 May 1;115(18):4761u20136.
• Naqvi I, Gunaratne R, McDade JE, Moreno A, Rempel RE, Rouse DC, et al. Polymer-Mediated Inhibition of Pro-invasive Nucleic Acid DAMPs and Microvesicles Limits Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis. Mol Ther. 2018 Apr 4;26(4):1020u201331.
• Dornbos DL, Wheeler DG, Joseph ME, Pitoc GA, Layzer JM, Huttinger A, et al. Translating Thrombolytic Efficacy of Von Willebrand Factor Aptamer Inhibition From a Small to Large Animal Model of Carotid Occlusion. In: CIRCULATION. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS; 2017.
• Steen Burrell K-A, Layzer J, Sullenger BA. A kallikrein-targeting RNA aptamer inhibits the intrinsic pathway of coagulation and reduces bradykinin release. J Thromb Haemost. 2017 Sep;15(9):1807u201317.
• Woodruff RS, Ivanov I, Verhamme IM, Sun M-F, Gailani D, Sullenger BA. Generation and characterization of aptamers targeting factor XIa. Thromb Res. 2017 Aug;156:134u201341.
• Lee J, Lee Y, Xu L, White R, Sullenger BA. Differential Induction of Immunogenic Cell Death and Interferon Expression in Cancer Cells by Structured ssRNAs. Mol Ther. 2017 Jun 7;25(6):1295u2013305.
• Lee J, Jackman JG, Kwun J, Manook M, Moreno A, Elster EA, et al. Nucleic acid scavenging microfiber mesh inhibits trauma-induced inflammation and thrombosis. Biomaterials. 2017 Mar;120:94u2013102.
• Toulmu00e9 JJ, Giangrande PH, Mayer G, Suess B, Ducongu00e9 F, Sullenger B, et al. Aptamers in Bordeaux, 24u201325 June 2016. Pharmaceuticals. 2017 Mar 1;10(1).
• Nimjee SM, White RR, Becker RC, Sullenger BA. Aptamers as Therapeutics. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2017 Jan 6;57:61u201379.
• Gunaratne R, Frederiksen J, Thalji NK, Ho MD, Arepally GM, Camire RM, et al. RNA Aptamer Against FXa Synergizes with FXa Catalytic Site Inhibitors to Effectively and Reversibly Anticoagulate Blood in an Ex Vivo Oxygenator Circuit. In: Blood. American Society of Hematology; 2016. p. 3823u20133823.
• Kim J, Naqvi I, Nag UP, Leraas HJ, Otto JC, Borst AJ, et al. Cell-Free DNA Is Elevated after Acute Arterial Injury in Infants. In: BLOOD. AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY; 2016.
• Plautz WE, Layzer J, Sullenger BA, Majumder R. Aptamer Mediated Inhibition of Protein S. In: Blood. American Society of Hematology; 2016. p. 4946u20134946.
• Jackman JG, Juwarker H, Poveromo LP, Levinson H, Leong KW, Sullenger BA. Polycationic Nanofibers for Nucleic Acid Scavenging. Biomacromolecules. 2016 Nov 14;17(11):3706u201313.
• Darrabie MD, Lee J, Cheeseman J, Limkakeng AT, Vaslef SN, Sullenger BA, et al. Toll-Like Receptor Signaling as a Prognostic Tool in Trauma Patients. In: Journal of the American College of Surgeons. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health); 2016. p. S159u201360.
• Lee J, Xu L, Gibson TM, Gersbach CA, Sullenger BA. Differential effects of toll-like receptor stimulation on mRNA-driven myogenic conversion of human and mouse fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016 Sep 23;478(3):1484u201390.
• Kahsai AW, Wisler JW, Lee J, Ahn S, Cahill Iii TJ, Dennison SM, et al. Conformationally selective RNA aptamers allosterically modulate the u03b22-adrenoceptor. Nat Chem Biol. 2016 Sep;12(9):709u201316.
• Holl EK, Shumansky KL, Borst LB, Burnette AD, Sample CJ, Ramsburg EA, et al. Scavenging nucleic acid debris to combat autoimmunity and infectious disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Aug 30;113(35):9728u201333.
• Sullenger BA, Nair S. From the RNA world to the clinic. Science. 2016 Jun 17;352(6292):1417u201320.
• Lee Y, Urban JH, Xu L, Sullenger BA, Lee J. 2'Fluoro Modification Differentially Modulates the Ability of RNAs to Activate Pattern Recognition Receptors. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2016 Jun;26(3):173u201382.
• Nimjee SM, Povsic TJ, Sullenger BA, Becker RC. Translation and Clinical Development of Antithrombotic Aptamers. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2016 Jun;26(3):147u201355.
• Sullenger BA. Aptamers Coming of Age at Twenty-Five. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2016 Jun;26(3):119.
• Ganson NJ, Povsic TJ, Sullenger BA, Alexander JH, Zelenkofske SL, Sailstad JM, et al. Pre-existing anti-polyethylene glycol antibody linked to first-exposure allergic reactions to pegnivacogin, a PEGylated RNA aptamer. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 May;137(5):1610-1613.e7.
• Mi J, Ray P, Liu J, Kuan C-T, Xu J, Hsu D, et al. In Vivo Selection Against Human Colorectal Cancer Xenografts Identifies an Aptamer That Targets RNA Helicase Protein DHX9. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2016 Apr 26;5(4):e315.
• Freedman JA, Robinson TJ, LaCroix B, Patierno BM, George DJ, Sullenger BA, et al. Abstract B18: Development of novel therapeutic splice-switching oligonucleotides against aggressive prostate cancer in men of African descent. In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. American Association for Cancer Research (AACR); 2016. p. B18u2013B18.
• Soule EE, Bompiani KM, Woodruff RS, Sullenger BA. Targeting Two Coagulation Cascade Proteases with a Bivalent Aptamer Yields a Potent and Antidote-Controllable Anticoagulant. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2016 Feb;26(1):1u20139.
• Pratico ED, Feger BJ, Watson MJ, Sullenger BA, Bowles DE, Milano CA, et al. RNA-Mediated Reprogramming of Primary Adult Human Dermal Fibroblasts into c-kit(+) Cardiac Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Dev. 2015 Nov 15;24(22):2622u201333.
• Woodruff RS, Sullenger BA. Modulation of the Coagulation Cascade Using Aptamers. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2015 Oct;35(10):2083u201391.
• Gray BP, Kelly L, Levy M, Sullenger BA. A novel aptamer targeting agent for prostate cancer. In: CANCER RESEARCH. 2015.
• Soule E, Krishnaswamy S, Sullenger BA. Development and characterization of an RNA aptamer targeting FV/FVA. In: JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS. WILEY-BLACKWELL; 2015. p. 54u20135.
• Pratico ED, Nair SK, Sullenger BA. 66. Identification and Characterization of a B Cell Aptamer That Targets Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) and Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML). In: Molecular Therapy. Elsevier BV; 2015. p. S29u2013S29.
• Powell Gray B, Kelly L, Levy M, Sullenger BA. 65. A Novel Aptamer Targeting Agent for Prostate Cancer. In: Molecular Therapy. Elsevier BV; 2015. p. S28u20139.
• Lewis DA, Nimjee SM, Pitoc GA, Khan S, Becker RC, Sullenger BA, et al. Laboratory Assessment of Anti-Coagulant Properties of a Von Willebrand Factor Targeted Aptamer. In: BLOOD. AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY; 2014.
• Kumar S, Sullenger BA, Stayrook S, Krishnaswamy S. X-Ray Structure of an Anticoagulant RNA Aptamer Bound to Factor Xa. Structural Basis for Its Ability to Disrupt Interactions Between Xa and Va within Prothrombinase. In: BLOOD. AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY; 2014.
• Lee J, Lee Y, Sullenger BA. Development of immunocytotoxic RNA therapeutics for human melanoma. In: CANCER RESEARCH. 2014.
• Holl EK, Bond JE, Selim MA, Ehanire T, Sullenger B, Levinson H. The nucleic acid scavenger polyamidoamine third-generation dendrimer inhibits fibroblast activation and granulation tissue contraction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014 Sep;134(3):420e-433e.
• Gunaratne R, Frederiksen J, Lohrmann J, Bompiani KM, Smock-Woodruff R, Sullenger BA. Aptamers Against Factor Xa or Thrombin Synergize With Catalytic Site Inhibitors of FXa or Thrombin, Respectively, to Effectively Anticoagulate Blood in an Ex Vivo Oxygenator Circuit. In: ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY. 2014.
• Juwarker HA, Holl EK, Lao Y-H, Leong KW, Sullenger BA. Nucleic-Acid Binding Polymers as Anti-Inflammatory Agents. In: MOLECULAR THERAPY. NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP; 2014. p. S4u20135.
• Kotula JW, Sun J, Li M, Pratico ED, Fereshteh MP, Ahrens DP, et al. Targeted disruption of u03b2-arrestin 2-mediated signaling pathways by aptamer chimeras leads to inhibition of leukemic cell growth. PLoS One. 2014;9(4):e93441.
• Ray P, Sullenger BA, White RR. Further characterization of the target of a potential aptamer biomarker for pancreatic cancer: cyclophilin B and its posttranslational modifications. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2013 Dec;23(6):435u201342.
• Frederiksen JW, Lohrmann J, Bompiani KM, Smock-Woodruff RBS, Gunaratne RBA, Sullenger BA. Aptamer inhibition of an exosite of Factor (F)Xa or thrombin synergizes with non-aptamer inhibition of the catalytic site of FXa or thrombin, respectively. In: JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS. WILEY-BLACKWELL; 2013. p. 123u20134.
• Woodruff RS, Xu Y, Layzer J, Wu W, Ogletree ML, Sullenger BA. Inhibiting the intrinsic pathway of coagulation with a factor XII-targeting RNA aptamer. J Thromb Haemost. 2013 Jul;11(7):1364u201373.
• Pratico ED, Sullenger BA, Nair SK. Identification and characterization of an agonistic aptamer against the T cell costimulatory receptor, OX40. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2013 Feb;23(1):35u201343.
• Holl EK, Shumansky KL, Pitoc G, Ramsburg E, Sullenger BA. Nucleic acid scavenging polymers inhibit extracellular DNA-mediated innate immune activation without inhibiting anti-viral responses. PLoS One. 2013;8(7):e69413.
• Ray P, Cheek MA, Sharaf ML, Li N, Ellington AD, Sullenger BA, et al. Aptamer-mediated delivery of chemotherapy to pancreatic cancer cells. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2012 Oct;22(5):295u2013305.
• Jain S, Pitoc GA, Holl EK, Zhang Y, Borst L, Leong KW, et al. Nucleic acid scavengers inhibit thrombosis without increasing bleeding. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Aug 7;109(32):12938u201343.
• Bompiani KM, Woodruff RS, Becker RC, Nimjee SM, Sullenger BA. Antidote control of aptamer therapeutics: the road to a safer class of drug agents. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2012 Aug;13(10):1924u201334.
• Rangnekar A, Zhang AM, Li SS, Bompiani KM, Hansen MN, Gothelf KV, et al. Increased anticoagulant activity of thrombin-binding DNA aptamers by nanoscale organization on DNA nanostructures. Nanomedicine. 2012 Jul;8(5):673u201381.
• Kotula JW, Pratico ED, Ming X, Nakagawa O, Juliano RL, Sullenger BA. Aptamer-mediated delivery of splice-switching oligonucleotides to the nuclei of cancer cells. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2012 Jun;22(3):187u201395.
• Bompiani KM, Monroe DM, Church FC, Sullenger BA. A high affinity, antidote-controllable prothrombin and thrombin-binding RNA aptamer inhibits thrombin generation and thrombin activity. J Thromb Haemost. 2012 May;10(5):870u201380.
• Ray P, Rialon-Guevara KL, Veras E, Sullenger BA, White RR. Comparing human pancreatic cell secretomes by in vitro aptamer selection identifies cyclophilin B as a candidate pancreatic cancer biomarker. J Clin Invest. 2012 May;122(5):1734u201341.
• Sullenger B, Woodruff R, Monroe DM. Potent anticoagulant aptamer directed against factor IXa blocks macromolecular substrate interaction. J Biol Chem. 2012 Apr 13;287(16):12779u201386.
• Nimjee SM, Lohrmann JD, Wang H, Snyder DJ, Cummings TJ, Becker RC, et al. Rapidly regulating platelet activity in vivo with an antidote controlled platelet inhibitor. Mol Ther. 2012 Feb;20(2):391u20137.
• Wang J, Sullenger BA, Rich JN. Notch signaling in cancer stem cells. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2012;727:174u201385.
• Pisetsky DS, Lee J, Leong KW, Sullenger BA. Nucleic acid-binding polymers as anti-inflammatory agents: reducing the danger of nuclear attack. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2012 Jan;8(1):1u20133.
• Stearns NA, Lee J, Leong KW, Sullenger BA, Pisetsky DS. The inhibition of anti-DNA binding to DNA by nucleic acid binding polymers. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e40862.
• Sullenger B, Steele F. Something old, something new. Vol. 21, Nucleic Acid Ther. 2011. p. 369.
• Brandal S, Blake CM, Sullenger BA, Fortenberry YM. Effects of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-specific RNA aptamers on cell adhesion, motility, and tube formation. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2011 Dec;21(6):373u201381.
• Ray P, Sullenger BA, White RR. AN RNA APTAMER IS A POTENTIAL BIOMARKER FOR PANCREATIC CANCER. In: NUCLEIC ACID THERAPEUTICS. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC; 2011. p. A40u20131.
• Lee J, Sohn JW, Zhang Y, Leong KW, Pisetsky D, Sullenger BA. Nucleic acid-binding polymers as anti-inflammatory agents. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Aug 23;108(34):14055u201360.
• Burnette AD, Nimjee SM, Batchvarova M, Zennadi R, Telen MJ, Nishimura J-I, et al. RNA aptamer therapy for vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2011 Aug;21(4):275u201383.
• Bompiani KM, Lorhmann J, Frederiksen J, Sullenger BA. Individual anticoagulant aptamers uniquely impair thrombin generation and have a synergistic effect when used in combination. In: JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS. WILEY-BLACKWELL; 2011. p. 278u2013278.
• Woodruff RS, Sullenger B, Becker RC. The many faces of the contact pathway and their role in thrombosis. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2011 Jul;32(1):9u201320.
• Ray P, Sullenger BA, White RR. Abstract 2817: An RNA aptamer is a potential biomarker for pancreatic cancer. Cancer Research. 2011 Apr 15;71(8_Supplement):2817u20132817.
• Blake CM, Wang H, Laskowitz DT, Sullenger BA. A reversible aptamer improves outcome and safety in murine models of stroke and hemorrhage. Oligonucleotides. 2011 Feb;21(1):11u20139.
• Povsic TJ, Sullenger BA, Zelenkofske SL, Rusconi CP, Becker RC. Translating nucleic acid aptamers to antithrombotic drugs in cardiovascular medicine. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2010 Dec;3(6):704u201316.
• Lee J, Sullenger BA. POLYMERS AS MOLECULAR SCAVENGERS TO NEUTRALIZE PRO-INFLAMMATORY NUCLEIC ACIDS. In: INFLAMMATION RESEARCH. BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG; 2010. p. S293u2013S293.
• Huang L, Sullenger B, Juliano R. The role of carrier size in the pharmacodynamics of antisense and siRNA oligonucleotides. J Drug Target. 2010 Sep;18(8):567u201374.
• Woodruff B, Sullenger B, Becker RC. Antithrombotic therapy in acute coronary syndrome: how far up the coagulation cascade will we go? Curr Cardiol Rep. 2010 Jul;12(4):315u201320.
• Becker RC, Povsic T, Cohen MG, Rusconi CP, Sullenger B. Nucleic acid aptamers as antithrombotic agents: Opportunities in extracellular therapeutics. Thromb Haemost. 2010 Mar;103(3):586u201395.
• Buddai SK, Layzer JM, Lu G, Rusconi CP, Sullenger BA, Monroe DM, et al. An anticoagulant RNA aptamer that inhibits proteinase-cofactor interactions within prothrombinase. J Biol Chem. 2010 Feb 19;285(8):5212u201323.
• Wang J, Wakeman TP, Lathia JD, Hjelmeland AB, Wang X-F, White RR, et al. Notch promotes radioresistance of glioma stem cells. Stem Cells. 2010 Jan;28(1):17u201328.
• Mi J, Liu Y, Rabbani ZN, Yang Z, Urban JH, Sullenger BA, et al. In vivo selection of tumor-targeting RNA motifs. Nat Chem Biol. 2010 Jan;6(1):22u20134.
• Nimjee SM, Oney S, Volovyk Z, Bompiani KM, Long SB, Hoffman M, et al. Synergistic effect of aptamers that inhibit exosites 1 and 2 on thrombin. RNA. 2009 Dec;15(12):2105u201311.
• Fortenberry Y, Blake CM, Sullenger BA. Effect of PAI-1 Specific RNA Aptamers On Cell Adhesion and Motility. In: BLOOD. AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY; 2009. p. 840u2013840.
• Nimjee SM, Sullenger BA. Aptamers in the clinic. Drugs of the Future. 2009 Nov 1;34(11):897u2013901.
• Oney S, Lam RTS, Bompiani KM, Blake CM, Quick G, Heidel JD, et al. Development of universal antidotes to control aptamer activity. Nat Med. 2009 Oct;15(10):1224u20138.
• Zhou J, Soontornworajit B, Martin J, Sullenger BA, Gilboa E, Wang Y. A hybrid DNA aptamer-dendrimer nanomaterial for targeted cell labeling. Macromol Biosci. 2009 Sep 9;9(9):831u20135.
• Becker RC, Oney S, Becker KCD, Sullenger B. Antidote-controlled antithrombotic therapy targeting factor IXa and von Willebrand factor. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Sep;1175:61u201370.
• Bompiani KM, Oney S, Church FC, Sullenger BA. Antidote reversal of a novel prothrombin aptamer anticoagulant. In: JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS. 2009. p. 690u2013690.
• Blake CM, Sullenger BA, Lawrence DA, Fortenberry YM. Antimetastatic potential of PAI-1-specific RNA aptamers. Oligonucleotides. 2009 Jun;19(2):117u201328.
• Lam RTS, Oney S, Sullenger BA, Leong KW. Oral delivery of RNA aptamer as reversible antagonist of coagulation factor IXa. In: ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. AMER CHEMICAL SOC; 2009. p. 517u2013517.
• Liu Y, Kuan C-T, Mi J, Zhang X, Clary BM, Bigner DD, et al. Aptamers selected against the unglycosylated EGFRvIII ectodomain and delivered intracellularly reduce membrane-bound EGFRvIII and induce apoptosis. Biol Chem. 2009 Feb;390(2):137u201344.
• Nimjee SM, Sullenger BA. Aptamers in the clinic. Drugs of the Future. 2009 Jan 1;34(11):897u2013901.
• Liu Y, Sun Q-A, Chen Q, Lee TH, Huang Y, Wetsel WC, et al. Targeting inhibition of GluR1 Ser845 phosphorylation with an RNA aptamer that blocks AMPA receptor trafficking. J Neurochem. 2009 Jan;108(1):147u201357.
• Mi Z, Guo H, Russell MB, Liu Y, Sullenger BA, Kuo PC. RNA aptamer blockade of osteopontin inhibits growth and metastasis of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. Mol Ther. 2009 Jan;17(1):153u201361.
• Long SB, Long MB, White RR, Sullenger BA. Crystal structure of an RNA aptamer bound to thrombin. RNA. 2008 Dec;14(12):2504u201312.
• Lee J, Dollins CM, Boczkowski D, Sullenger BA, Nair S. Activated B cells modified by electroporation of multiple mRNAs encoding immune stimulatory molecules are comparable to mature dendritic cells in inducing in vitro antigen-specific T-cell responses. Immunology. 2008 Oct;125(2):229u201340.
• Mi J, Sullenger BA, Clary BM. Developing aptamers into tumor diagnostics and therapeutics. Chinese Journal of Cancer Biotherapy. 2008 Aug 1;15(4):301u20134.
• Dollins CM, Nair S, Boczkowski D, Lee J, Layzer JM, Gilboa E, et al. Assembling OX40 aptamers on a molecular scaffold to create a receptor-activating aptamer. Chem Biol. 2008 Jul 21;15(7):675u201382.
• Viles KD, Sullenger BA. Proximity-dependent and proximity-independent trans-splicing in mammalian cells. RNA. 2008 Jun;14(6):1081u201394.
• Sarraf-Yazdi S, Mi J, Moeller BJ, Niu X, White RR, Kontos CD, et al. Inhibition of in vivo tumor angiogenesis and growth via systemic delivery of an angiopoietin 2-specific RNA aptamer. J Surg Res. 2008 May 1;146(1):16u201323.
• Dollins CM, Nair S, Sullenger BA. Aptamers in immunotherapy. Hum Gene Ther. 2008 May;19(5):443u201350.
• Blake CM, Oney S, Nimjee SM, Sullenger BA. Aptamers and siRNAs in cardiovascular disease. In: RNA Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine and Research. 2008. p. 255u201387.
• Mi J, Zhang X, Rabbani ZN, Liu Y, Reddy SK, Su Z, et al. RNA Aptamer-targeted Inhibition of NF-u03baB Suppresses Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Resistance to Doxorubicin. Mol Ther. 2008 Jan;16(1):66u201373.
• White RR, Roy JA, Viles KD, Sullenger BA, Kontos CD. A nuclease-resistant RNA aptamer specifically inhibits angiopoietin-1-mediated Tie2 activation and function. Angiogenesis. 2008;11(4):395u2013401.
• Hong S-H, Jeong J-S, Lee Y-J, Jung H-I, Cho K-S, Kim C-M, et al. In vivo reprogramming of hTERT by trans-splicing ribozyme to target tumor cells. Mol Ther. 2008 Jan;16(1):74u201380.
• McNamara JO, Kolonias D, Pastor F, Mittler RS, Chen L, Giangrande PH, et al. Multivalent 4-1BB binding aptamers costimulate CD8+ T cells and inhibit tumor growth in mice. J Clin Invest. 2008 Jan;118(1):376u201386.
• Becker RC, Oney S, Becker KCD, Rusconi CP, Sullenger B. Nucleic acid aptamers and their complimentary antidotes. Entering an era of antithrombotic pharmacobiologic therapy. Hamostaseologie. 2007 Dec;27(5):378u201382.
• Nishimura J-I, Burnette AD, Oney S, Batchvarova M, Delahunty M, Zennadi R, et al. Blocking adhesion of sickle erythrocytes to endothelial P-selectin using an RNAaptamer. In: BLOOD. AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY; 2007. p. 51A-51A.
• Giangrande PH, Zhang J, Tanner A, Eckhart AD, Rempel RE, Andrechek ER, et al. Distinct roles of E2F proteins in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and intimal hyperplasia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Aug 7;104(32):12988u201393.
• Mi J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Reddy SK, Rabbani ZN, Sullenger BA, et al. NF-kappaB inhibition by an adenovirus expressed aptamer sensitizes TNFalpha-induced apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Aug 3;359(3):475u201380.
• Kierlin-Duncan MN, Sullenger BA. Using 5'-PTMs to repair mutant beta-globin transcripts. RNA. 2007 Aug;13(8):1317u201327.
• Que-Gewirth NS, Sullenger BA. Gene therapy progress and prospects: RNA aptamers. Gene Ther. 2007 Feb;14(4):283u201391.
• Oney S, Nimjee SM, Layzer J, Que-Gewirth N, Ginsburg D, Becker RC, et al. Antidote-controlled platelet inhibition targeting von Willebrand factor with aptamers. Oligonucleotides. 2007;17(3):265u201374.
• Layzer JM, Sullenger BA. Simultaneous generation of aptamers to multiple gamma-carboxyglutamic acid proteins from a focused aptamer library using DeSELEX and convergent selection. Oligonucleotides. 2007;17(1):1u201311.
• Nishimura J-I, Burnette AD, Batchvarova M, Nimjee SM, Zennadi R, Sullenger BA, et al. Blocking adhesion of sickle erythrocytes to endothelial alpha V beta 3 using RNA aptamer. BLOOD. 2006 Nov 16;108(11):206A-207A.
• de Lange F, Nimjee SM, Pitoc GA, Grocott HP, Mackensen GB, Sullenger BA. Aptamer to factor IXa and matched antidote improve cardiac function after cardiopulmonary bypass in rats; an alternative to heparin and protamine. In: CIRCULATION. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS; 2006. p. 104u2013104.
• Nimjee SM, Keys JR, Pitoc GA, Quick G, Rusconi CP, Sullenger BA. A novel antidote-controlled anticoagulant reduces thrombin generation and inflammation and improves cardiac function in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Mol Ther. 2006 Sep;14(3):408u201315.
• McNamara JO, Andrechek ER, Wang Y, Viles KD, Rempel RE, Gilboa E, et al. Cell type-specific delivery of siRNAs with aptamer-siRNA chimeras. Nat Biotechnol. 2006 Aug;24(8):1005u201315.
• Nimjee SM, Rusconi CP, Sullenger BA. Aptamers to Proteins. In: Aptamer Handbook Functional Oligonucleotides and their Applications. 2006. p. 131u201366.
• Giangrande PH, McNamara JO, Andrecheck E, Gilboa E, Sullenger BA. 83. Cell_Type Specific Delivery of siRNAs with Aptamer_siRNA Chimeras. In: Molecular Therapy. Elsevier BV; 2006. p. S35u2013S35.
• Catron DJ, Giangrande PH, Sullenger BA. 1028. Use of Antisense Oligonucleotides To Restore Activity in Mutant p53. In: Molecular Therapy. Elsevier BV; 2006. p. S395u2013S395.
• Mi J, Zhang X, Rabbani ZN, Liu Y, Su Z, Vujaskovic Z, et al. H1 RNA polymerase III promoter-driven expression of an RNA aptamer leads to high-level inhibition of intracellular protein activity. Nucleic Acids Res. 2006;34(12):3577u201384.
• Mi J, Zhang X, Giangrande PH, McNamara JO, Nimjee SM, Sarraf-Yazdi S, et al. Targeted inhibition of alphavbeta3 integrin with an RNA aptamer impairs endothelial cell growth and survival. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Dec 16;338(2):956u201363.
• Nishimura J-I, Nimjee SM, Jiang H, Howard TA, Pitoc GA, Rusconi CP, et al. Blocking Complement-Mediated Hemolysis Using RNA Aptamers That Bind Complement Component C8. In: Blood. American Society of Hematology; 2005. p. 186u2013186.
• Becker RC, Rusconi C, Sullenger B. Nucleic acid aptamers in therapeutic anticoagulation. Technology, development and clinical application. Thromb Haemost. 2005 Jun;93(6):1014u201320.
• Jones JP, Kierlin MN, Coon RG, Perutka J, Lambowitz AM, Sullenger BA. Retargeting mobile group II introns to repair mutant genes. Mol Ther. 2005 May;11(5):687u201394.
• Nimjee SM, Rusconi CP, Sullenger BA. Aptamers: an emerging class of therapeutics. Annu Rev Med. 2005;56:555u201383.
• Nimjee SM, Rusconi CP, Harrington RA, Sullenger BA. The potential of aptamers as anticoagulants. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2005 Jan;15(1):41u20135.
• Sullenger BA. Riboswitches--to kill or save the messenger. N Engl J Med. 2004 Dec 23;351(26):2759u201360.
• Nishimura J-I, Nimjee S, Jiang H, Kawaguchi T, Nakakuma H, Omine M, et al. Blocking Complement-Mediated Hemolysis of PNH Erythrocytes by RNA Aptamers to C8 and C9. In: Blood. American Society of Hematology; 2004. p. 2824u20132824.
• Rusconi CP, Roberts JD, Pitoc GA, Nimjee SM, White RR, Quick G, et al. Antidote-mediated control of an anticoagulant aptamer in vivo. Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Nov;22(11):1423u20138.
• Potti A, Rusconi CP, Sullenger BA, Ortel TL. Regulatable aptamers in medicine: focus on antithrombotic strategies. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2004 Oct;4(10):1641u20137.
• Shin K-S, Sullenger BA, Lee S-W. Ribozyme-mediated induction of apoptosis in human cancer cells by targeted repair of mutant p53 RNA. Mol Ther. 2004 Aug;10(2):365u201372.
• Jeter ML, Ly LV, Fortenberry YM, Whinna HC, White RR, Rusconi CP, et al. RNA aptamer to thrombin binds anion-binding exosite-2 and alters protease inhibition by heparin-binding serpins. FEBS Lett. 2004 Jun 18;568(1u20133):10u20134.
• Nimjee SM, Keys JR, Pitoc GA, Quick G, Rusconi CP, Sullenger BA. Aptamer to factor IXa and its matched antidote in cardiopulmonary bypass: An alternative to heparin and protamine. In: ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS; 2004. p. E7u2013E7.
• Catron DJ, Watanabe T, Shin KS, Toloza EM, Lee SW, Sullenger BA. Group I intron-mediated trans-splicing revision of mutant p53 RNA transcripts. In: MOLECULAR THERAPY. ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE; 2004. p. S231u2013S231.
• Layzer JM, McCaffrey AP, Tanner AK, Huang Z, Kay MA, Sullenger BA. In vivo activity of nuclease-resistant siRNAs. RNA. 2004 May;10(5):766u201371.
• Nishimura J, Nimjee SM, Jiang HX, Pitoc G, Howard TA, Rusconi CP, et al. Complement-mediated hemolysis of erythrocytes is blocked by RNA aptamers to complement components C5 and C8. In: BLOOD. AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY; 2003. p. 510A-510A.
• Santulli-Marotto S, Nair SK, Rusconi C, Sullenger B, Gilboa E. Multivalent RNA aptamers that inhibit CTLA-4 and enhance tumor immunity. Cancer Res. 2003 Nov 1;63(21):7483u20139.
• Rusconi CP, Roberts JD, Pitoc GA, Nimjee SM, White RR, Fay WP, et al. In Vivo applications of an antidote-controlled anticoagulant targeting coagulation factor IXa. In: CIRCULATION. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS; 2003. p. 138u2013138.
• Byun J, Lan N, Long M, Sullenger BA. Efficient and specific repair of sickle beta-globin RNA by trans-splicing ribozymes. RNA. 2003 Oct;9(10):1254u201363.
• White RR, Shan S, Rusconi CP, Shetty G, Dewhirst MW, Kontos CD, et al. Inhibition of rat corneal angiogenesis by a nuclease-resistant RNA aptamer specific for angiopoietin-2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 29;100(9):5028u201333.
• Sullenger BA, White RR, Rusconi CP. Therapeutic aptamers and antidotes: a novel approach to safer drug design. Ernst Schering Res Found Workshop. 2003;(43):217u201323.
• Rogers CS, Vanoye CG, Sullenger BA, George AL. Functional repair of a mutant chloride channel using a trans-splicing ribozyme. J Clin Invest. 2002 Dec;110(12):1783u20139.
• Rusconi CP, Scardino E, Layzer J, Pitoc GA, Ortel TL, Monroe D, et al. RNA aptamers as reversible antagonists of coagulation factor IXa. Nature. 2002 Sep 5;419(6902):90u20134.
• Sullenger BA, Gilboa E. Emerging clinical applications of RNA. Nature. 2002 Jul 11;418(6894):252u20138.
• Martell RE, Nevins JR, Sullenger BA. Optimizing aptamer activity for gene therapy applications using expression cassette SELEX. Mol Ther. 2002 Jul;6(1):30u20134.
• Jeter ML, White RR, Sullenger BA, Rusconi CP, Church FC. Regulation of thrombin-serpin inhibition reactions by a thrombin-specific RNA aptamer. In: FASEB JOURNAL. FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL; 2002. p. A1193u2013A1193.
• White R, Rusconi C, Scardino E, Wolberg A, Lawson J, Hoffman M, et al. Generation of species cross-reactive aptamers using "toggle" SELEX. Mol Ther. 2001 Dec;4(6):567u201373.
• White RR, Rusconi CP, Sullenger BA, Kontos CD. A novel inhibitor of Angiopoietin-1 disrupts Tie2-mediated endothelial cell survival. In: CIRCULATION. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS; 2001. p. 315u2013315.
• Watanabe T, Sullenger BA. RNA repair: a novel approach to gene therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2000 Nov 15;44(2u20133):109u201318.
• Rusconi CP, Yeh A, Lyerly HK, Lawson JH, Sullenger BA. Blocking the initiation of coagulation by RNA aptamers to factor VIIa. Thromb Haemost. 2000 Nov;84(5):841u20138.
• Sullenger BA. Series introduction: emerging clinical applications of nucleic acids. J Clin Invest. 2000 Oct;106(8):921u20132.
• White RR, Sullenger BA, Rusconi CP. Developing aptamers into therapeutics. J Clin Invest. 2000 Oct;106(8):929u201334.
• Lan N, Rooney BL, Lee SW, Howrey RP, Smith CA, Sullenger BA. Enhancing RNA repair efficiency by combining trans-splicing ribozymes that recognize different accessible sites on a target RNA. Mol Ther. 2000 Sep;2(3):245u201355.
• Guo H, Karberg M, Long M, Jones JP, Sullenger B, Lambowitz AM. Group II introns designed to insert into therapeutically relevant DNA target sites in human cells. Science. 2000 Jul 21;289(5478):452u20137.
• Watanabe T, Sullenger BA. Induction of wild-type p53 activity in human cancer cells by ribozymes that repair mutant p53 transcripts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jul 18;97(15):8490u20134.
• Howrey RP, El-Alfondi M, Phillips KL, Wilson L, Rooney B, Lan N, et al. An in vitro system for efficiently evaluating gene therapy approaches to hemoglobinopathies. Gene Ther. 2000 Feb;7(3):215u201323.
• Long MB, Sullenger BA. Evaluating group I intron catalytic efficiency in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Oct;19(10):6479u201387.
• Rusconi CP, Yeh A, Lyerly HK, Lawson JH, Sullenger BA. RNA aptamers as potential anticoagulants directed against factor VIIa function. In: THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS. F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH; 1999. p. 468u2013468.
• Sullenger BA. RNA repair as a novel approach to genetic therapy. Gene Ther. 1999 Apr;6(4):461u20132.
• Zarrinkar PP, Sullenger BA. Optimizing the substrate specificity of a group I intron ribozyme. Biochemistry. 1999 Mar 16;38(11):3426u201332.
• Zarrinkar PP, Sullenger BA. Probing the interplay between the two steps of group I intron splicing: competition of exogenous guanosine with omega G. Biochemistry. 1998 Dec 22;37(51):18056u201363.
• Lan N, Howrey RP, Lee SW, Smith CA, Sullenger BA. Ribozyme-mediated repair of sickle beta-globin mRNAs in erythrocyte precursors. Science. 1998 Jun 5;280(5369):1593u20136.
• Jones JT, Sullenger BA. Evaluating and enhancing ribozyme reaction efficiency in mammalian cells. Nat Biotechnol. 1997 Sep;15(9):902u20135.
• Jones JT, Lee SW, Sullenger BA. Trans-splicing reactions by ribozymes. Methods Mol Biol. 1997;74:341u20138.
• Lee SW, Sullenger BA. Isolation of a nuclease-resistant decoy RNA that can protect human acetylcholine receptors from myasthenic antibodies. Nat Biotechnol. 1997 Jan;15(1):41u20135.
• Ishizaki J, Nevins JR, Sullenger BA. Inhibition of cell proliferation by an RNA ligand that selectively blocks E2F function. Nat Med. 1996 Dec;2(12):1386u20139.
• Sullenger BA. Ribozyme-mediated repair of RNAs encoding mutant tumor suppressors. Cytokines Mol Ther. 1996 Sep;2(3):201u20135.
• Lee SW, Sullenger BA. Isolation of a nuclease-resistant decoy RNA that selectively blocks autoantibody binding to insulin receptors on human lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1996 Aug 1;184(2):315u201324.
• Jones JT, Lee SW, Sullenger BA. Tagging ribozyme reaction sites to follow trans-splicing in mammalian cells. Nat Med. 1996 Jun;2(6):643u20138.
• Sullenger BA. Revising messages traveling along the cellular information superhighway. Chem Biol. 1995 May;2(5):249u201353.
• Doudna JA, Cech TR, Sullenger BA. Selection of an RNA molecule that mimics a major autoantigenic epitope of human insulin receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Mar 14;92(6):2355u20139.
• SULLENGER BA. RIBOZYME-MEDIATED REPAIR OF DEFECTIVE MESSENGER-RNAS BY TARGETED TRANSSPLICING - RNA BASED MOLECULAR SURGERY. In: JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY. WILEY-LISS; 1995. p. 206u2013206.
• CECH TR, STROBEL SA, SULLENGER BA. STRUCTURE AND MECHANISM OF A GROUP-I RIBOZYME AND APPLICATIONS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY. PROTEIN ENGINEERING. 1995 Jan 1;8:16u201316.
• Sullenger BA. Colocalizing ribozymes with substrate RNAs to increase their efficacy as gene inhibitors. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 1995;54(1u20133):57u201361.
• Smith C, Sullenger BA. AIDS and HIV infection. Mol Cell Biol Hum Dis Ser. 1995;5:195u2013236.
• Campbell TB, Sullenger BA. Alternative approaches for the application of ribozymes as gene therapies for retroviral infections. Adv Pharmacol. 1995;33:143u201378.
• Sullenger BA, Cech TR. Ribozyme-mediated repair of defective mRNA by targeted, trans-splicing. Nature. 1994 Oct 13;371(6498):619u201322.
• Sullenger BA, Cech TR. Tethering ribozymes to a retroviral packaging signal for destruction of viral RNA. Science. 1993 Dec 3;262(5139):1566u20139.
• Lee TC, Sullenger BA, Gallardo HF, Ungers GE, Gilboa E. Overexpression of RRE-derived sequences inhibits HIV-1 replication in CEM cells. New Biol. 1992 Jan;4(1):66u201374.
• Sullenger BA, Gallardo HF, Ungers GE, Gilboa E. Analysis of trans-acting response decoy RNA-mediated inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transactivation. J Virol. 1991 Dec;65(12):6811u20136.
• Sullenger BA, Lee TC, Smith CA, Ungers GE, Gilboa E. Expression of chimeric tRNA-driven antisense transcripts renders NIH 3T3 cells highly resistant to Moloney murine leukemia virus replication. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Dec;10(12):6512u201323.
• Sullenger BA, Gallardo HF, Ungers GE, Gilboa E. Overexpression of TAR sequences renders cells resistant to human immunodeficiency virus replication. Cell. 1990 Nov 2;63(3):601u20138.
• Hantzopoulos PA, Sullenger BA, Ungers G, Gilboa E. Improved gene expression upon transfer of the adenosine deaminase minigene outside the transcriptional unit of a retroviral vector. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(10):3519u201323.
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